SAMBAHSA EXERCISES
Before beginning these exercises, be sure to fully master the SPT (Sambahsa Phonetic Transcription) in 1-1 of the Grammar. All Sambahsa texts will be transcribed into SPT so that you can exercise your pronounciation of this auxlang. If you are in a situation where you cannot speak aloud (ex: train, bus), you can replace your reading of Sambahsa by your tentative transcription of the exercise sentences into SPT.
1st Exercise : Pronounciation (read Section 1 of the Grammar before making this exercise)
Pronounce the following Sambahsa sentences:
1- Gwahnt id theatre : they go to the theatre
2- Quando has tu likwn id restaurant ? : when did you leave the restaurant ?
3- Yaghskwo forels : I want to catch some trout
4- Sei prefers gwahe id Rusk Ballett hoyd, gwahms cras id kino : If you prefer going to the Russian Ballet today, we’ll go to the (cinema) theatre tomorrow.
5- Is baht franceois difficil-ye, bet meg suapretet id : He speaks French with difficulty, but understands it very well
6- Is hat bright un douzen oiven : He has brought a dozen eggs
7- Quer has tu gnahn ? : Where were you born ?
8- Volo construge her un garage : I want to build a garage here
2nd Exercise : Pronouns & Declension (read Section 2 of the Grammar)
Put the missing pronouns into the sentences in Sambahsa :
1- .. statue vidmos face nos est ... .. Atatürk : The statue we see in front of us is the one (that) of Atatürk.
2- .. wir hat gwohmto do .. dukan con ... pwarn : The man has come into the shop with the boy.
3- Ho gwohmt ex France kay vide ... fiancee …. mater hat trohven pro .. : I have come from France to see the fiancée my mother has found for me.
4- . nowngmins eebringhe extos ... products kay pehrne .. urbi tris ye hevd : The peasants used to bring from outside their produce to sell it downtown thrice a week
5- .. volt od .. kwehrte .. hoyd : He wants that you do that today
3rd Exercise : Conjugation (read section 3 of the Grammar):
Conjugate the verbal stems :
1- Quetos (gwehm) tu ? (Gwehm) ex Paris, ex id Latin quartier : Where do you come from ? I come from Paris, from the Quartier Latin.
2- Ne (habe) id wakt os (kaup) un swadglehdj : We don’t have the time to buy an ice-cream
3- Ghes (ses) sieug bet hoyd (leit) wal : Yesterday we were sick but today we’re fine.
4- Tu (ghang) in id medio ios strad, (kleuster) tien walkman : You walked on the street, listening to your walkman.
5- (Repeteih) ielg lection kay ne (myehrs) : I repeat each lesson in order not to forget.
6- Pon id weir ia (weik) in America : Since the war she has lived in America
7- Io ne (woid) quetro (gwah) : I don’t know where they go
8- Tiel pos Mund Weir Dwo, Nederland (xeih) riche colonias, hassa in Sudeust Asia, con qua id (torgue) : Until after WWII, the Netherlands possessed rich colonies, with which they traded.
4th Exercise : Past participles (this exercises focuses more especially on 3-2-1 and -2)
Conjugate the verbal stems :
1- Ho (rhalt) de te ed me has (dreugh) : I have been mistaken about you and you have deceived me.
2- Yu habte (arrive) dom ye midnoct : You’ve come home at midnight.
3- Has tu (leus) alyo bril ep id meithel : Have you lost some other glasses on the main square ?
4- Quod orbat has tu (kwehr) ? : Which work have you done ?
5- Has tu (vid) tod film ? : Have you seen that movie ?
5th Exercise : Numbers (section 4-6)
Write in letters the numbers :
1- Wehst in Portstrad, adadh 17, ye id 8im etage, 2t levter dwer : He is located on Port Street, number 17, on the 8th floor, second door on the left
2- Tod hammam est ghyant pon 9 saat tiel id vesper : This hammam is open from 9 o’clock until the evening.
3- Ho ja kalt iom ...., bet is refusit gwehme in : I’ve already called him twice, but he refused to come in.
4- Ia est 15at : She’s 15.
Solutions:
1st Exercise : Pronounciation:
1) Gwahnt id theatre : [gwa:nt id §ëAtrë]
“th” must be pronounced [§] but turns to [t] when it stands before or after a sibillant.
2) Quando has tu likwn id restaurant ? : [kwAndo has tu lIkun id rëstaorAnt]
As a consonant, “w” is like a short unstressed [u]. “au” is always [Ao] except “eau” which is [o:]
3) Yaghskwo forels : [yAgskwo forEls]
Words in “oCel” are stressed on the “e”. Examples: hotel, colonel, personel...
4) Sei prefers gwahe id Rusk Ballett hoyd, gwahms cras id kino : [sey prëfErs gwa: id rusk balEt hoyd, gwa:ms kras id kIno]
“prefers” is stressed on “fers” because “pre” is a prefix, which can never be stressed. The double “t” of “ballett” indicates that the stress must fall on the vowel before.
5) Is baht franceois difficil-ye, bet meg suapretet id : [is ba:t frantsëOys difItsil-ye, bet meg swaprEtët id]
Some sounds can be unpronounced before they would be nearly unnoticed if they were. “c” is [ts] before e, i or y. A final “il” is unstressed.
6) Is hat bright un douzen oiven : [is hat brigd un dU:dzën Oyvën]
The “t” of “bright” ought to be pronounced [d] because of the “gh” before. “z” is always [dz] and “ou” is always [u:].
7) Quer has tu gnahn ? : [ker has tu nya:n]
“qu” is [k] before e, i and y. “gn” is always [ny]
8) Volo construge her un garage : [vOlo konstrÜdj her un garAdj]
« u » is pronounced [ü] if one of the two following letters of the word is « e ». “g” is pronounced [dj] before e, i and y.
2nd Exercise : Pronouns & Declension
1- Id statue vidmos face nos est tod os Atatürk : The statue is neutral while “os” agrees with Atatürk.
2- Is wir hat gwohmto do id dukan con iom pwarn : The man and the boy are masculine. The preposition “con” triggers, like all other prepositions, the accusative. “Dukan” is neutral.
3- Ho gwohmt ex France kay vide iam fiancee mien(a) mater hat trohven pro me : “iam” is the feminine singular accusative. Likewise, “me” is at the accusative. “Mien” is “my”, and can be added the ending of the euphonic vocalisation (here, “a” = feminine singular nominative)
4- I nowngmins eebringhe extos ir(a) products kay pehrne ia urbi tris ye hevd : The peasants can be both masculine and feminine; therefore “i” (plural undetermined). “Their” is “ir”. Beware that “products” is a plural in Sambahsa; hence use “them” = “ia”.
5- Is volt od yu kwehrte to hoyd : “He” is “is”. The ending of “kwehrte” shows that the “plural of courtesy” is used. Then use “yu”. “To” is the general neutral prnoun, referring to a whole situation, not to a precise thing.
Exercise 2 bis : Pronounce (or write in SPT) the sentences above.
3rd Exercise : Conjugation
1- Quetos gwehms tu ? Gwehmo ex Paris, ex id Latin quartier.
2- Ne habmos/hams id wakt os kaupe un swadglehdj.
3- Ghes eem(o)s sieug bet hoyd leitmos wal.
4- Tu ghieng/ghiencst(a) in id medio ios strad, kleusternd(-ye) tien walkman.
5- Repeteihm ielg lection kay ne myehrse.
6- Pon id weir ia weikneut in America :
(The use of the literary durative is here the best way to render the English present perfect)
7- Io ne woid(im) quetro gwahnt :
(“woid” is irregular; see the Grammar)
8- Tiel pos Mund Weir Dwo, Nederland xih(sit) riche colonias, hassa in Sudeust Asia, con qua id torguit :
(In Sambahsa, “Nederland” is singular; “torguesit” may be acceptable).
Exercise 3 bis : Pronounce (or write in SPT) the sentences above.
4th Exercise : Past participles :
1- Ho rhalt(en) de te ed me has drught/drughen.
2- Yu habte arrivet/arriven dom ye midnoct.
3- Has tu lust/lusen alyo bril ep id meithel ?
4- Quod orbat has tu kwohrt/kwohrn ?
5- Has tu vis/viden tod film ?
Exercise 4 bis : Pronounce (or write in SPT) the sentences above.
5th Exercise : Numbers
1- Wehst in Portstrad, adadh septdem, ye id octim etage, dwot levter dwer.
2- Tod hammam est ghyant pon nev saat tiel id vesper.
3- Ho ja kalt iom dwis/dwo kers, bet is refusit gwehme in.
4- Ia est penkdemat.
Exercise 5 bis : Pronounce (or write in SPT) the sentences above.
Exercise 2 bis:
1- Id statue vidmos face nos est tod os Atatürk : [id statÜ : vIdmos fAtsë nos est_tod os atatÜrk]
2- Is wir hat gwohmto do id dukan con iom pwarn : [is wir hat gwO:mto do id dukAn kon yom pwarn]
3- Ho gwohmt ex France kay vide iam fiancee mien(a) mater hat trohven pro me : [ho gwo:mt eks frAntsë kay vid yam fyantsEë myEn(a) mAtër hat trO:vën pro me]
4- I nowngmins eebringhe extos ir(a) products kay pehrne ia urbi tris ye hevd : [i nowngmIns eëbrIng Ekstos Ir(a) prodUkts kay pe:rn ya Urbi tris ye hevd]
5- Is volt od yu kwehrte to hoyd : [is volt od yu kwE:rtë to hoyd]
Exercise 3 bis :
1- Quetos gwehms tu ? Gwehmo ex Paris, ex id Latin quartier : [kEtos gwe :ms tu ? gwE :mo eks parIs, eks id latIn kwartyEr] (Names of persons or places do not necessarily follow the Sambahsa rules)
2- Ne habmos/hams id wakt os kaupe un swadglehdj : [në hAbmos/hams id wakt os kAop un swadglE :dj]
3- Ghes eem(o)s sieug bet hoyd leitmos wal : [ges Eëm(o)s syög bet hoyd lEytmos wal]
4- Tu ghieng/ghiencst(a) in id medio ios strad, kleusternd(-ye) tien walkman : [tu gyeng/gyEnkst(a) in id mEdyo yos strad, klÖstërnd(-ye) tyen walkmAn]
5- Repeteihm ielg lection kay ne myehrse : [rëpëtE:ym yelg lëktyOn kay në mye:rs]
6- Pon id weir ia weikneut in America : [pon id weyr ya weyknÖt in amErika]
7- Io ne woid(im) quetro gwahnt : [yo në wOyd(im) kEtro gwa:nt]
8- Tiel pos Mund Weir Dwo, Nederland xih(sit) riche colonias, hassa in Sudeust Asia, con qua id torguit : [tyel pos mund weyr dwo, nEdërland ksI:(sit) ritc kolOnyas, hAsa in südÖst Azya, kon kwa id torgwIt]
Exercise 4 bis :
1- Ho rhalt(en) de te ed me has drught/drughen : [ho rhAlt(ën) dë te ed më has drugd/drUgën]
2- Yu habte arrivet/arriven dom ye midnoct : [yu habd arrIvd/arrIvën dom ye midnOkt]
3- Has tu lust/lusen alyo bril ep id meithel ? : [has tu lust/lÜzën Alyo bril ep id mEy§ël ?]
4- Quod orbat has tu kwohrt/kwohrn ? : [kwod orbAt has tu kwo:rt/kwo:rn ?]
5- Has tu vis/viden tod film ? : [has tu vis/vIzën tod film ?]
Exercise 5 bis:
1- Wehst in Portstrad, adadh septdem, ye id octim etage, dwot levter dwer. : [we:st in portstrAd, adAd sEpdëm, ye id Oktim etAdj, dwot lEvtër dwer]
5- Tod hammam est ghyant pon nev saat tiel id vesper. : [tod hammAm est gyant pon nev saAt tyel id vEspër]
6- Ho ja kalt iom dwis/dwo kers, bet is refusit gwehme in : [ho ja kalt yom dwis/dwo kers, bet is rëfUzit gwe:m in]
7- Ia est penkdemat. : [ya est pënkdëmAt]
Comments (0)
You don't have permission to comment on this page.