Id communication in Sambahsa

 

The aim of this draft is to provide the English speaker a fair amount of basic sambahsa vocabulary. It was inspired by “Basic Global English” by Pr. J.Grzega.

Thanks to Dave McLeod (www.pageF30.com ) for reviewing this document

 

 

The sambahsa phonetic transcription:

 

The orthography of Sambahsa has been already explained in the Grammar document. Here, we only explain how the transcripted letters have to be pronounced.

 

[a] = like “a” in “car”

[ä] = like “e” in “bed”, but often a bit longer

[b] = as in English

[c] = as “sh” in “shoe”

[d] = as in English

[e] = as in Italian or Spanish. Listen to it: http://tts.imtranslator.net/4Fxa

[ë] = as “e” in “the”

[f] = as in English

[g] = as “g” in “give”

[h] = as “h” in “hope”

[i] = as “i” in “bit”

[j] = as “si” in “vision”

[k] = as in English

[l] = as in English

[m] = as in English

[n] = as in English

[o] = as in English

[ö] = as “u” in “burn”, but slightly longer

[p] = as in English

[q] = it is the “ach-laut” of German or the “jota” of Spanish. Listen to “khaco” (I’m not able to”: [qAko] : http://tts.imtranslator.net/4Fxf

[r] = its pronounciation varies from region to region. Nevertheless, “rr” and “rh” have to be pronounced rolled, as in Spanish.

[s] = as “s” in “say”

[t] = as in English

[u] = as “oo” in “book”

[ü] = it is the “u” of French or the “ü” of German. Listen to “styr” (steering wheel) : http://tts.imtranslator.net/4Fxk

[v] = as in English

[w] = as in English

[x] = it is the “ich-laut” of German. Listen to “ghianshiek” (rock, stone) : http://tts.imtranslator.net/4Fxt

[y] = as “y” in “you”

[z] = as “z” in “zero”

[§] = as “th” in “thin”

 

Stressed vowels are written in capital letters, and a [:] following a vowel indicates that this one has to be lengthened. Letters in italics can be left unpronounced.

 

In the following wordlists, in order to help new learners of sambahsa, we’ll try to indicate some derived forms of nouns and verbs, though there are almost no irregularities in Sambahsa. In general, most substantives and adjectives are interchangeable in Sambahsa.

 

Plu : plural

Pp : past (passive) participles

 

 

1)     Id alphabet [alfAbd]

 

a, b [be], c [tse], d [de], e, f, g [dje], h [hatc], i, j [jye], k [ka], l, m, n, o, p [pe], q [ku], r, s, t [te], u, v [v], w [we], x, y [ü], z [dzed]

 

 

2)     Ego  (“I”)

 

Birth : gnahsa [nyA:sa]

To be born : gnah [nya:] (Present: gnahm, gnahs, gnaht, gnahm(o)s, gnahte, gnaht; Past: gnahsim, gnahst(a), gnahsit, gnahsam, gnahsat, gnahr; Pp: gnaht/gnahn)

(to) change : change [tcAndjë]

Country: land [land]

Foreign : gospoti [gospOti]

To have : habe  [hab]. This verb is irregular. See the grammar.

Language : bahsa [bA:sa], lingua [lIngwa]

Life : gwit

To live : gwiv

Mother tongue : materbahsa [matërbA:sa]

(to) name : nam (past: niem)

nation : nation [natyOn]

old : veut [vöt]

own (adjective) : wi

passport : passport [paspOrt]

(to) plan : plan (past : plien)

religion : religion [rëlidjyOn]

single (unmarried) : baclar [baklAr]

smoke : dum

to smoke : deum [deum]. (Infinitive: dumes [düms]; Past: dum; with endings: dumim, dumst(a), dumit, dumam, dumat, dumeer [dümEër]; Pp: dumt/dumen [dÜmen])

to want : vol

to wish : vansch [vanc]. (Past: viensch)

year : yar

 

Some sentences:

Mien nam est [myen nam est] = my name is

Quod est vies nam ? [kwod est vyes nam] = what is your name ?

Kam yarat ste yu ? [kam yarAt ste yu ?] = how old are you ?

Som = I am

Gwivo in [gwIvo in] = I live in...

 

 

 

3)     Urgence [urdjEntsë] = emergency

 

Accident : accident [aktsIdënt]

To accuse : accuse [akküzë]

Allergic : allergic [allErdjik]

(to) attack : attaque [attAk]

bomb : bombe

Cold (adjective) : srig

(law) court : tribunal [tribunAl]

(to) crash : crasch [krac] (Past: criesch)

Danger : danger [dAndjër]

To defend : defend [dëfEnd] (Past: defens [dëfEns], Pp: defens/defenden)

To destroy : destrug [dëstrUg] (Infinitive: destruge [dëstrÜdj]; Present: destrugo, destrucs, destruct, destrugmos, destructe, destruge(nt); Recommended past: destruxim, destrucst(a), destruxit, destruxam, destruxat, destruxeer [dëstrüksEër]; Pp: destruct/destrugen [dëstrÜdjën])

To do: kwehr [kwe:r] (Past: kwohr)

Embassy : ambassade [ambasAd]

Enemy : peind [peynd]

To fall : fall [fall]; (Past: fiell)

To feel : kheiss [qeys] (Infinitive: khisses [qIsës]; Past: khiss [qis]

Fight : katu [kAtu]

To fight : katue [katÜ]

Fire (untamed): piurn

To fix, to repair : repare [rëpAr]

Gun : gvond

(to) help : hehlp [he:lp], (past: hohlp, Pp: hohlpt/hohlpen)

hospital : hospital [hospitAl]

to injure : veurn [vörn] (Infinitive: vurnes [vUrns], Past: vurn [vurn])

(to) judge : judce [jUdtsë]

lawyer : advocat [advokAt]

to mean : mayn (Past: mieyn [myeyn])

medicine (healing substance): pharmac [farmAk]

(to) need : naudh [nAod] (past: nieudh [nyöd] )

pain : gvol

pharmacy : pharmacia [farmAtsya], apotheque [apo§Ek]

police : police [polItsë]

problem : probleme [problEm]

protect from : proteg [protEg] ud; (Infinitive: protege [protEdjë]; Present: protego, protecs, protect, protegmos, protecte, protege(nt) [protEdj(ënt)]; Recommended past: protexim, protecst(a), protexit, protexam, protexat, protexeer [protëxEër]; Pp: protect/protegen [protEdjën]).

Right (a right to do) : rect

(to) rule : reul [röl]; (Infinitive: rules [rüls], Past: rul [rul]; Pp: rult/rulen [rÜlën]).

To steal : klehpt [kle:pt]. (Past: klohpt)

Toilet : tualette [twalEt]

Weapon : arme [Armë]

 

Me gvolt mien hand  [më gvolt myen hand] = My hand hurts

Me gvole(nt) mien peds [më gvOl(ënt) myen pedz] = My feet hurt

 

 

4)     Werds os general utilitat (General useful words).

 

To act: ag (Past: ieg; Pp: act/agen [Adjën])

Aim : ziel [dzyEl]

To be : ses (This verb is irregular; look at the Grammar)

To become: bih [bi:] (Past: bihsim [bI:sim], bihst(a), bihsit, bihsam, bihsat, bihr)

To bind : behnd (Past: bohnd)

To bring : brinegh [brInëg] (Infinitive : bringhes [brIngz], Present: bringho, bringhs, bringht, bringhmos, bringhte, bringhe(nt); Past: brigh)

To carry : behr (Past: bohr)

Case (situation) : fall

(to) cause : cause [kAozë]

chance : chance [tcAntsë]

condition : condition [kondityOn]

To dare: deurs [dörs] (Infinitive: durses [dUrsës] ; Past : durs)

To depend on : depend ud [dëpend] (Past: depens).

To develop : (transitive) : antplehc [antplE :k] (Infinitive : antplehce [antplE :ts] ; Present : antplehco, antplehcs, antplehct, antplehcmos, antplehcte, antplehce(nt) [antplE :ts(ënt)] ; Past : antplohc ; Pp : antplohct, antplohcen [antplO :tsën])

(intransitive) : antslehnk [antslE :nk] (Past : antslohnk)

different : different [difErënt]

dot : nukta

effect : effect [efEkt]

Element: element [Elëmënt]

(to) end : end (Past: ens); (definitive): substantive: fin; verb: fineih [finE:y] (Infinitive: finihes [finI:s] Past: finih)

enough : sat, kafi

even (adverb): hatta

To fill : pleh [ple :] (Past : plehsim [plE :sim], plehst(a), plehsit, plehsam, plehsat, plehr)

To force : force [fortsë]

To forget: myehrs (Past: myohrs)

General : general [djënërAl]

To get (to receive) : dak (Past : diek)

Great : grand, megil [mEdjil] (comparative: meger [mEdjër], superlative: megst]

To happen: wakye [wAkyë]

Heavy : gwaur

To hold: dehrj [de:rj] (Past: dohrj)

How : kam

Important : important [importAnt]

To keep : gweup [gwöp] (Infinitive: gwupes [gwüps]; Past: gwup; Pp: gwupt/gwupen [gwüpen])

To let : lass (Past: liess)

Light : legv

Mainly : khaliban [qalibAn]

Origin: origin [oridjIn]

Possible : possible [posIblë]

Private : privat [privAt]

Probable : probable [probAblë]

To pull: trag (Infinitive: trage [trAdjë], Past: trieg or traxim, traxist, traxit, traxam, traxat, traxeer; Pp: tract/tragen [trAdjën])

Public : public [pUblik]

To push: pusc [pusk] (Infinitive: pusce [pus])

To put : deh [de:] (Past: dehsim [dE:sim], dehst(a), dehsit, dehsam [de:sAm], dehsat, dehr).

Quite : destull [dëstUll]

Rather : anter [Antër]

Real : real [rëAl], druv

To remember : mehm (Past : mohm)

Same : sam

Secret : secret [sëkrEt]

To seem : kwehk (Past: kwohk)

To sever : separe [sëpAr]

To set : posen [pOzën] (Infinitive: pones [pons], Present: pono, pons, pont, ponmos, ponte, pone(nt); Past: pos; Pp: post/posen)

Similar : similar

So much : tem

Special : special [spëtsyAl]

Spot, place : stet

Such a: un talg, un solg

Sure, certain : sure [sür], yakin [yakIn]

System : systeme [süstEm]

Thing : ject

This way, thus: katha [kA§a]

Too much : pior

Usual : adic [Adik]

Very : meg

To wait for : skehpt + accusative. (Past: skohpt)

What : quod

Where : quer [ker]

Which ? : qualg

Who ? : quis [kis], qua, quel [kel]

Why : ma

Wonderful : daumost [daomOst]

 

 

5)     Famila ed prients [famIlya ed pryents] : family and friends

 

Alive: gwiv

Brother: brater [brAtër]

To care: kaur

Child: (descendant): purt ; (young): magv

Daughter : dugter [dUgtër]

To die: mehr (Past: mohr); daunet (Infinitive: dauntes [dAonts]; Past: daut; Pp: daut(en))

Familiar: familiar [familyAr]

Father : pater [pAtër]

To give: dah (Past: dahsim, dahst(a), dahsit, dahsam, dahsat, dahr)

Guest: gost

Husband: mann

To invite: invite

To kiss: kussen [kUsën] (Infinitive: kunes [küns], Present: kuno, kuns, kunt, kunmos, kunte, kune(nt) [kün(ënt)], Past: kuss; Pp: kusst/kussen)

To marry: gham (Past: ghiem [gyem])

Match (partner): taraf [tarAf]

Mother: mater [mAtër]

Package: pack

Partner: partner [pArtnër]

A present: hadia [hAdya], maton [matOn]

To rely on: antreus [antrÖs] (Infinitive: antruses [antrÜsës]; Past: antrus; Pp: antrust/antrusen [antrÜzën]

Sister: swes(ter) [swEstër]

Son: son

Surprise: surprise [surprIz]

True: druv, ver

Truth: druve [drüv], vertat [vërtAt]

Wife : gvibh, esor [esOr]

 

 

6)     Anghens ed ir kweitus [Angëns ed ir kwEytus] : People and their features.

 

Able (to): kabil [kAbil] kay

Bad: (failing): khak [qak]

Beautiful: bell

Boy: pwarn

Clever: clever

Error: error [errOr]

Fair: prabh

Fine: fayn

Girl: pieg [pyeg], bint, kweil

Good: (suceeded): gohd [go:d]

Group: grupp

Habit: adet [Adët]

Healthy: saun [sAon]

Honest: honeste [honEstë]

Human: mensc [mensk] (plural: mensci [mEnsi])

Man (male): wir

To mean: mayn (Past: mieyn [myeyn])

Nice (gentle): latif [lAtif]

Old: veut [vöt]

People (group of persons): leuds [lödz] (Plural noun)

Person : anghen

Poor: orm

Popular: popular [populAr]

Quality: qualitat [kwalitAt]

Rich: riche

Simple: simple [sImplë]

Small: smulk

Society: societat [sotsyetAt]

Soft: mliak

Strange: stragn

Strong: nert

Tall: buland [bulAnd]

Terrible: terrible [terrIblë]

Thin: teun [tön]

Weak: slab

Woman: gwen(a)

Young: yun (comparative: yuner [yÜnër])

 

 

7)     Tolke ed scribe : Talking and Writing

 

To accept: accepte [aktsEptë]

To admit: admitt (Past: admiss)

To advice: radh + dative of the person (Past: riedh)

To agree: samstehm [samstE:m] (Past: samstohm [samstO:m])

To allow: permitt (Past: permiss)

To answer: antwehrd [antwE:rd] (Past: antwohrd)

To ask: beud (Infinitive: budes [büdz]; Past: bud)

To attach: attache

To believe: credeih [krëdEy:] (Infinitive: credihes [krëdI:s]; Past: credih [krëdi:])

Best regards: con sellsto namos [kon sElsto nAmos]

To call: kal (Past: kiel)

Card: carte

Cause: cause [kAozë]

Clear: clar

To concern: concern [kontsErn]

To consider: considere [considEr]

To deal with: deil con (Infinitive: diles [dils]; Past: dil)

To excuse: excuse [ekskÜzë]

Fact: fact

Joke: scherz [cerdz]

To laugh: gleih (Infinitive: glihes [gli:s]; Past: glih [gli:])

Letter (something sent): brev

Letter (written sign): buksteiv [bukstEyv]

To lie: leugh (infinitive: lughes [lugz]; Past: lugh)

List: liste, daftar [daftAr]

To listen to: kleu [klö] + accusative (Infinitive: klues [klü:s]; Past: klu)

Luck: nassib [nAsib]

To mean: mayn (Past: mieyn [myeyn])

To meet : ghat [gat] (Past: ghiet [gyet])

Misunderstanding: mispreten [misprEtën]

News: khabar [qabAr]

No: no

Perhaps: maghses [mAgsës]

Please: plais [pläs]

Point: point

To print: druck

To promise: promitt (Past: promiss)

To pronounce: pronunce [pronUntsë], swehr (Past: swohr)

Question: question [këstyOn]

Reason: raison [räzOn]

To refer: se refer [rëfEr]

To regard as: ay (Past: iey) + double accusative

Report: rapport [rapOrt]

To say: sayg (Infinitive: sayge [saydjë]; Past: sieyg [syeyg])

Sense: sense

To speak: bah

To spell: buksteiv (Past: bukstiv [bUkstiv])

State (situation): stand

Story: storia

To suggest: suggest [sugdjEst]

To tell (a story): narre, lehg (Infinitive: lehge [le:djë]; Past: lohg)

To thank: dank (Past: dienk)

To think: mehn (Past: mohn)

Topic: topic [tOpik]

To translate: tarjem [tArjëm] (Infinitive: tarjmes [tArjmës]; Past: tarj)

To treat: traite [trät]

To understand: prete

View: vid

To warn: warn (Past: wiern)

Welcome: sellgumt [selgUmt]

Word: werd

To write: scrib (Recommended past: scripsim [scrIpsim], scripst(a), scripsit, scripsam, scripsat, scripseer [scripsEër])

Yes: ya

 

 

8)     Numers ed quantitats  (nÜmërs ed kwantitAts): numbers and quantities

 

Zero: zero [dzEro]

One: oin

Two : dwo

Three : tri

Four : quar

Five: penk(we)

Six: six

Seven: spet(a)

Eight: oct(o)

Nine: nev

Ten : dec

 

“-teens” are made by suffixing “-dem” while “-ties” are with “-gim”

 

hundred: cent [tsent]

thousand: mil

 

first: preter (of 2) [prEtër]; prest

second: dwoter (of 2) [dwOtër]; second [sëkOnd]

 

Other ordinals are formed by adding –t, or –im, if the former is incompatible.

 

The other: alter [Altër]

Another: alyo [Alyo] (is often declined, see the grammar)

Else: als

Last: senter [sEntër] (of 2); senst

 

The amount of occurences can be indicated with “ker(s)” = “time(s)”, or by suffixing –(en)s. “dwis” = “twice” is irregular.

 

To add: addeih (Infinitive: addihes [adI:s]; Past: addih [adI:])

All: quant

Almost: quasi [kwAzi]

Any: can be rendered with “cada” [kAda]

Both: bo

Each: ielg; (of é): ieter [yEtër]

Empty: tuich

Few: pauk

Full: plen

To increase: aug (Infintive: auge [Aodjë]; Present: augo, aucs, auct, augmos, aucte, auge(nt); Past: ieug [yög])

Little: pau

Many, much: maung

Mathematics: mathematique [ma§matIk] (singular)

More ... than: meis... quem [kem]

Nothing: neid (is declined, see the grammar)

Only: tik

Pair: pair [pär]

Part: part, deil

Per cent: percent [përtsEnt]

Piece: schtuk

Several: plur

Size: mege [mEdjë]

Some: sem

Together: com(samen)

Whole: hol

 

 

9)     Tarikhe, wakt, calendar (tarIq, wakt, kalëndAr): Date, time, calendar

 

Afternoon: posmiddien [posmidyEn]

Day: dien

Evening: vesper [vEspër]

Hour: (as a duration): hor; (as a time limit): saat

Minute: minute [minÜt]

Month: munt

Morning: aghyern [Agyërn]

Night: noct

Week: hevd

Year: yar

Sunday: mingo

Monday: mundie [mundI]

Thursday: ardie [ardI]

Wednesday: credie [krëdI]

Tuesday: khamsi [qAmsi]

Friday: juma [jUma]

Saturday: sabd

 

January: januar [januAr]

February: februar [fëbruAr]

March: mart

April: aprile [aprIl]

May: mai [mä]

June: jun

July: jul

August: august [aogUst]

September: september

October: october

November: november

December: december [dëtsEmbër]

 

Spring: wer

Summer: lient

Fall: osyern [Osyërn]

Winter: winter, ghim

 

 

Again: iter [Itër]

Already: ja

Always: semper [sEmpër]

To begin: inkap [inkAp] (Past: inkiep [inkyEp])

Early: aus

Ever: aiw(o) [Äw(o)]

Future: (adjective): futur [futUr]; (substantive): future [futÜr]

To last: dure [dür]

Late: (not early) sert

Moment: moment [mOmënt]

Never: naiw(o) [nÄw(o)]

Now: nun

Often: ops

Past: prev

Present: present [prëzEnt]

Soon: mox

Then: tun

Today: hoyd

Tomorrow: cras

Yesterday: ghes [ges]

 

Dates are given this way: January 1, 2006 = Dien 1 januar 2006 = Dien oin januar dwomil six.

 

 

10) Pieut [pyöt] : Food

 

Apple: apel [Apël]

To bake: bauk [bAok] (Past: bieuk [byök])

Bitter: bitter

Bread: dvan

Bottle: botel [botEl]

Bowl: bol

Cake: torte

Cereal: arwrn [Arurn], cereal [tsërëAl]

Cheese: caise [käz]

Chop: cotlett [kotlEt]

Coffee: cofie [kofI:]

Cold: srig (Comparative: sriger [srIdjër])

To cook: coc [kok] (infinitive: coce [kots])

Cream: smantan [smantAn]

Cup: tasse

Dish: pliat

To drink: poh (Recommended past: pohsim, pohst(a), pohsit, pohsam, pohsat, pohr)

To eat: edd (Past: ess)

Egg: oiv

Fresh: fresch

Fruit: fruit [frwIt]

Glass glas

Healthy: saun [sAon]

Honey: mielt

Hot: chald

Hungry: hungric [hUngrik]

Juice: juce [jütsë]

Knife : kniv

Maize: mays

Meal: chifan [tcifAn]

Meat: miems

Milk: melg

Plate: taler [tAlër]

Pot: pot

Potato: kartoffel [kartOfël], patat [patAt]

Rice: ris

Salad: salat [salAt]

Salt: sald

Sausage: vurst

Soup: soup

Sugar: suker [sÜkër]

Sweet: swadh

Tea: chay [tcay]

Thirsty: teurstic [tÖrstik]

Vegetable: opst

Water: wed; (as a mineral element): aqua [Akwa]

Yogurt: yogurt [yogUrt]

 

 

11) Vesters [vEstërs] : Clothes

 

Belt : yeusmen [yÖsmën]

Big: mier [myer]

To cut : seg (Infinitive: sege [sEdjë]

Dress (for ladies): rogv

To dress: du (Infinitive: due [dü])

Hat : hat

Jacket: jaquet [jAkët]

Large: large

Long: long

Medium : medio [mEdyo]

Pocket : gep [djep]

Shirt: camiss [kamIs] (plural: camissa [kamIsa])

Shoe : schou [cu :]

Short : cort

Size : mege [mEdjë]

Small: smulk

Trousers : brugs (plural) ; pantalon [pantalOn] (singular)

To wear : vehs (Past : vohs )

 

 

12) Gwive in dom : Living in the house

 

Address : adresse [adrEs]

Apartment : apartment

Bed : crovat [krovAt], lict

Box : scatule [skAtül]

To build : (con)strug (Infinitive: struge [strÜdjë]; recommended past: struxim, strucst(a), struxit, struxam, struxat, struxeer [strüksEër]; PP: struct/strugen [strÜdjën])

Chair : stol

Clean : kiest

Clock: horloge [horlOdj]

Cupboard : dulap [dulAp]

Dirty : murdar [murdAr]

Door : dwer

Floor (level): etage [etAdj]

Home : hem

Key : cleich (plu: cleicha)

Lift : lift

To live : gwiv (PP: gwiwt/gwiven)

Mirror : specule [spEkül]

(electric) power : srov

to rent : stajer [stAjër] (Past: stiejer)

Room : kyal

To sit : sedd (Past: sess; PP: sess/sedden)

To Sleep: swehp (Past: swohp)

Stairs : drab (singular)

Table : table [tAblë]

Trash : zibel [dzIbël]

To wake up : (oi)sbeud [(oy)sböd] (Infinitive: (oi)sbudes [(oy)sbüdz]; Past: (oi)sbud )

Wall : mur

To wash: lav (PP: lawt/laven)

Window : fenster

 

 

13) Colors [kolOrs]

 

Black: sword

Blue : blou [blu:]

Brown : brun

Green : glend

Grey/gray : greis

Red : rudh

White : albh

Yellow : gehlb [dje:lb]

 

 

14)  In scol ed universitat : At school and university

 

To add : addeih [adEy:] (Infinitive: addihes [adI:s]; Past: addih)

Board (on the wall): tabule [tAbül]

To break: brehg (Infinitive: brehge [bre:djë]; Present: brehgo, brehcs, brehct, brehgmos, brehcte, brehge(nt); Past: brohg).

Circle : circule [tsIrkül]

Class : classe

Complete : complet(e) [komplEt]

To count : conte, lehg (Past: lohg)

To Correspond : correspond (Past: correspons)

Course : curs

Dictionary : dictionar [diktyonAr]

Difference : difference [difërEntsë]

Difficult : difficil [difItsil]

To divide : divid [divId] (Past: divis; PP: divis/dividen)

Easy : facil [fAtsil]

Education : education [edukatyOn]

Error : error [errOr]

Exact : exact

Example : exempel

Exercise : exercice [eksërtsIts]

False : fals

Form : forme

Hard : kaurd [kAord]

History : historia [histOrya]

Idea : idee [idEë]

Language : bahsa [bA:sa], lingua [lIngwa]

To learn : euc [ök] (Infinitive: uces [Ütsës]; Past: ucim [Utsim], ucst(a), ucit [Utsit], ucam, ucat, uceer [ütsEër]; PP: uct/ucen [Ütsën])

Line : ligne [lInyë]

Mathematics : mathematique [ma§ëmatIk]

Minus : minus

Paper : papier [papyEr]

Pen : kalem [kAlëm]

Plus : plus

Practice : praxis

Problem : probleme [problEm]

To read : leis (Infinitive : lises [lIzës]

To Recognize: recogneih [rëkonyEy:] (Infinitive: recognihes [rëkonyI:s] )

Result : resultat [rëzultAt]

Round : rund

Science : science [syentsë]

Scissors : nojit

Square : quadrat [kwadrAt]

Student : studyent [stUdyënt]

To study : studye [stUdyë]

To solve : solv

Table : table [tAblë]

Task : task

To teach : doc (Infinitive : doce [dots])

Test : test

To write : scrib (recommended past: scripsim, scripst(a), scripsit, scripsam, scripsat, scripseer; PP: script/scriben)

Wrong : ghaw

 

 

15)  In orbat [in orbAt] : At work

 

To apply (for) : candidat [kandidAt] (Past: candidiet) pro

To attach : attache [atAtc]

To check: chehx (Past: chohx)

Company : compagnie [kompanyI:]

Copy : copie [kopI:]

To decide : decid [dëtsId] (Past : decis)

Experience : experience [expëryEnts]

Farm : farm

Job : job

Lead : duc (Infinitive: duce [düts]; Past: duxim, ducst(a), duxit, duxam, duxat, duxeer [düksEër])

Letter (sent): brev

List : liste, daftar

Machine : machine [matcI:n]

Position : position [pozityOn]

Practical : practic

Program : programme

Report : rapport [rapOrt]

Responsible : massoul [masU:l]

To retire : rentire [rëntIr]

To Save (a copy): salvguarde [salvgwArd]

To send : yeis (Infinitive: yises [yIzës]; Past: yis)

Skill : ilm

Team: swoin

Tool : alat [alAt]

To use : neud [nöd] (Infinitive: nudes [nüdz]); use [üz]

 

 

16) Hobbys, farakhat [hObis, faraqAt] : Hobbies, free time

 

Ball : ball

Beach : plaj

Book : buk

Camp : waun

Card : carte

To celebrate : celebre [tsëlEbrë]

Concert : concert [kontsErt]

To dance : dans (Past: diens)

Fun : glewos, gleus [glös]

Game : leik

Goal (football): gol

Holidays : ferias

Instrument : instrument [instrÜmënt]

Interest : interesse [intërEs]

To jump : skand (Past: skiend or skans)

Key : cleich

To like : kam (Past : kiem)

Music : music [mUzik]

To paint : pineg [pInëg]  (Infintive: pinges [pIndjës]; Present: pingo, pincs, pinct, pingmos, pincte, pinge(nt); Past: pig; PP: pict/pigen)

Picture : kwiter [kwItër]

To play : leik (Infinitive : likes [liks]; Past : lik)

To please : plais [pläs] (Infinitive : plaise [pläz])

A show : skau, tamsil [tAmsil]

To sing : sehngv (Past: sohngv)

Song : sohngv

Sound : swon

Sport : sport

To swim : snah (Past: snahsim, snahst(a), snahsit, snahsam, snahsat, snahr)

Theater : theatre [§ëAtrë]

Toy : leuyk

To visit : visite [vizIt]

 

 

 

 

17) Khisses [qIsës] / Feeling

 

Alone : saul [sAol]

Angry : irat [irAt]

To concern : concern [kontsErn]

To dream : drehm (Past: drohm)

To feel : kheiss [qeis] (Infinitive : khisses [qIsës]; Past : khiss [qis])

Fear : paur [pAor]

To fear : bay (Past: biey [byey])

Happy : noroct [norOkt]

To hate : haissen [hÄsën] (Infinitive : haines [hÄns]; Past : haiss)

To hope : speh [spe:] (Past : spehsim, spehst(a), spehsit, spehsam, spehsat, spehr)

To like : kam (Past: kiem)

To love : lieubh [lyöb] (Infinitive : liubhes [liubz]; Past : liubh)

Sad : yui

Satisfied : satisfact/satisfacen [satisfAtsën]

To smile : smeih (Infinitive : smihes [smI:s]; Past : smih )

State (a situation) : stand

Tired : strak

To worry : sweurgh [swörg] (Infinitive : swurghes [swurgz]; Past: swurgh)

 

 

18)  Ep id strad : On the road

 

Arrive : arrive [arrIv]

Back(side) : caud [kAod]

Bag : sack

Bike : cip(ed) [tsIp(ëd)]

Block : block

Boat : boot [boot]

Bottom : budmen [bUdmën]

Bus : bus [bus]

Car : wogh, carr

To come : gwehm (Past: gwohm)

Corner : wangwl [wAngul]

To cross : tehr (Past : tohr)

To drive : wehgh (Past : wohgh)

East : eust [öst]

Far from : dalg ud

Fast : oku (can work as an adverb too), kshiuu [kxyUu], rapid

To find : trehv (Past : trohv)

To follow : sehkw (Past: sohkw)

Front : front

Gas (vehicle-fuel) : naft

To go : gwah + accusative of the destination (recommended past : gwahsim, gwahst(a), gwahsit, gwahsam, gwahsat, gwahr ) ; eih (Infinitive : ihes [i:s]; Past : ih ).

Guide : guide [gwid]

Here : her

High : hog

To leave : linekw (Infinitive : linkwes [lInkwës], Present: linkwo, linkws, linkwt, linkwmos, linkwte, linkwnt [lInkunt]; Past: likw )

Left : lev(ter)

Low : ghem

Map : map

To move : mov (PP: mot/moven)

Next : niebst

North : nord

Place : place [plats]

Plane : plav

To reach : nak (Past : niek)

To ride : reid (Infinitive : rides [ridz]; Past : rid )

Right : dex(ter)

To run : curr (Past : curs; PP: curs/curren); drah

Side : gon

Slow : lent

South : sud

Square : quadrat [kwadrAt]

Station : station [statyOn]

Step : stieup [styöp]

Straight ahead : seid perodh [seyd përOd]

There : ter

Top : top

Traffic : kwehlen

Train : train [trän]

Trip : safer [sAfër], dyuv

To turn : touren [tU:rën] (Infinitive : tournes [tU:rns]; Past : tour)

Way : wegh

West : west

 

 

19)  Id ambient [ambyEnt] / the environment

 

Air : air

Buisson : busk (plu: buska)

Clear : clar

Cold : srig

Dark: deusk

Dry : siuk, xer

Earth : ardh

Field : pold

Flower : flor

Forest : forest [forEst]

Garden : garden

Gold : gold

Gras : gras

To grow: crehsc [kre:sk] (Infinitive: crehsce [kre:s]; Past : crohsc [kro:sk])

Hot : chald

Ice : glehdj

Lake : lak (lac)

Light (sun) : luce [lüts]

Moon : meun

Mountain : ghyor(a)

Natural : natural

Park : park

Rain : seuy [söy]

River : sreumen [srömën]

Sea : mar

Silver : argwrnt [Argurnt]

Snow : sneigv

Star : star

Stone : (small / substance): petra

Sun : sol

Tree : dru

Warm : warm

Weather : weter

Wet : smeu

Wind : wind

Wood : (substance): dreu

World : mund

 

 

20)  Memsa : Body-parts

 

Arm : brakh [braq]

Back : regv

Blood : sehrg

Body : corp(o)s (plural : corpsa)

Breast : xiongbu [ksyOngbu]

Breathe : anem [Anëm] (Infinitive: anmes [Anmës]; Present: anmo, anems, anemt, anmmos, anemt, anment; Past: an; PP: ant/anen)

Ear : aur

Eye : ok (possible plural : okwi)

Face : lige [lidj] (plural: liges [lIdjës])

Finger : fingher

Foot : ped

Glasses : bril (singular)

Hair : kays

Hand : hand

Head : cap

Heart : kerd

To hear : aur (Past : ieur [yÖr])

Knee : genu [djEnu]

To know : gnoh [nyo:] (Present: gnohm, gnohs, gnoht, gnohm(o)s, gnohte, gnohnt; Past : gnohsim, gnohst(a), gnohsit, gnohsam, gnohsat, gnohr); woid (irregular, see the grammar)

Knowledge : gnohsa [nyo:sa]

Leg : jamb

To listen to : kleu [klö] (Infinitive: klues [klü:s]; Past : klu)

Look (of eyes): spect

Mind : ment

Mouth : stohm [sto:m]

Neck : coll

Nose : nas

To reach : nak (Past : niek)

To say : sayg (Infinitive: sayge [sAydj]; Present: saygo, saycs, sayct, saygmos, saycte, sayge(nt); Past: sieyg)

To see : vid (Past: vis; PP: vis/viden)

To shake : scutt (Past: scuss; PP: scuss/scutten)

Smell : odor [odOr]

To speak : bah (Past: bahsim, bahst(a), bahsit, bahsam, bahsat, bahr)

To stand : stah

Stomach : stomak [stomAk]

To take (physically): ghend (Past: ghens, PP: ghens/ghenden)

Taste : gust

Throat : gurgule [gUrgül]

Tongue : dingv

Tooth : dent

To touch: touche [tu:tcë]

To watch : spehc (Infinitive: spehce [spe:ts]; Past : spohc; PP: spohct/spohcen [spo:tsën])

 

My arm is hurting : mien brakh gvolt

My arms are hurting : mien brakhs gvole(nt)

 

 

21) Verslyn [vërslÜn], ambhkaup : business, shopping

 

Bargain : manafi

Bill : facture [faktÜr], quitance [kitAntsë]

To borrow : laun (Past: lieun)

To buy : kaup (Past: kieup)

To close : clud (Infinitive: clude [klüd]; Past : clus)

Company : compagnie [kompanyI:]

Cost : cost

Expensive : dorgv

To gain : gaissen [gÄsën] (Infinitive: gaines [gänes]; Present: gaino, gains, gaint, gainmos, gainte, gaine(nt); Past: gaiss)

To interest : interesse

To lose : leus

Market : mercat [mërkAt]

Money : denars [dënArs] (plural)

To offer : behd (Past : bohd)

To open : ghyan (Past: ghyien [gyen])

To pay : paygh (Past : pieygh [pyeyg])

Post office : postamt

Price : pris

To sell : pehrn (Past: pohrn)

Shop : magasin [magazIn]

To sign : signe [sinyë]

Signature : signature [sinyatÜr]

Valuable : kamatih [kimatI:]

 

 

22) Gouvernement [guvErnëmënt] : government

 

Control : control

To elect : eleg [elEg] (Infinitive: elege [elEdj]; PP: elect/elegen)

Freedom : lure [lür]

To govern : gouverne [guvErn]

Law : loy

Military (adjective) : militar

Politics : politique [politIk]

Power : magh

Rule : reul

State : stat

Violence : violence [vyolEntsë]

 

 

23) Animals

 

Bird : av

Cat : cat

Chicken : kierk

Dog : kwaun

Horse: ekw (plural : ekwi)

Hunt : sayd

Insect : insect

Fish : pisk

 

 

    24) Some interrogative and relative pronouns. 

 

How ? : kam   how many/much ? : quayt

What ? : quod (is declined, see the grammar)

When ? : quan(do)

Where ? : quer; whence : quois, quetos; whither : quetro

Who ? : qui(s) [ki(s)]/qua/quel [kel] (are declined, see the grammar)

Which ? : qualg; which of both: quoter; by which means : quosmed

Why ? : ma ; (for which purpose ?) : kay

 

 

 

 

For the rest, we recommend people to build their own lists of vocabulary pertaining to their favorite topics with the help of the resources available on http://sambahsa.pbworks.com/

Ideas of lists of basic vocabulary can be obtained at: http://ogden.basic-english.org/intlword.html

 

 

 

 

 

 

C. Dr.Olivier Simon